The percentage of slag cement used can also affect times of set. ASTM C 403 identifies initial and final time of set as: Typically to a concrete contractor, initial time of set refers to the time at which a concrete surface can bear the weight of an individual with minimal indentation. They contained a chloride content of 2.03% and 2.13% and a hydrocarbon content of 4.20% and 10.95%, respectively, so the mixes were denoted as low and high oil content mixes. … Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. At JSW Cement, we use superior quality slag produced at our steel manufacturing plant, conforming to IS: 12089 standards for producing PSC. Thus, the dry shrinkage performance of slag cement is high, but its water resistance, frost resistance and the resistance to the alternation between wetness and dryness are poor. Slag can be used in concrete either as a binder or as an aggregate. Slag cement has the following characteristics compared with Portland cement (see Table 4.6). IRS-T 40 Special Grade Cement! 3Days, 7 days, and 28 days of Compressive strength of SRPC of cubes are 10 N/mm2, 16 N/mm2, and 33 N/mm2 respectively. But the resistance to the dissolution corrosion and sulfate corrosion is strong. Slag Cement; 3. The slag (vitreous content of 99%) was activated by a waterglass solution containing 4% Na2O by slag mass and a SiO2/Na2O ratio of 1.08. The PSC is also called Blast Furnace Slag Cement because of its make. Quick Setting Cement! purpose.”. However, it was pointed out that no expansion measured for an alkali content equal to or less than 5% exceeded 0.1%, and such expansions were therefore probably not destructive. Although slag cement has been reported to improve workability, increase cohesiveness, and reduce water demand, the angular and irregular slag cement particles do not benefit as much from the “ball-bearing effect” that was described for the spherical fly ash particles (Lang & Geisler, 1996). At 14 days, the expansion of OPC mortar with siliceous aggregate was 3.6 times the accepted limit fixed by the standard (0.36% vs. 0.10%). Among other things, the initial and final time of set The addition of orthophosphate seems to form a continuous and weakly soluble network in the cement matrix, which reduces the release of the salt. temperature and mixture components, among other things.  You should Initial Setting Time. (2013) studied the mechanisms of AAR prevention in slag-based systems. With the help of X’pert-Highscore software, a graph was drawn to analyze the compounds present in the fly ash. The expansion measurements on specimens at 1 year (Figure 15.7) showed that all OPC concretes with reactive aggregates led to abnormal expansions, exceeding the 0.04% limit of the standard. The Portland slag cement is one such cement, which uses blast furnace slag in the production of cement. The compressive strength of OPC and AAS siliceous mortars decreased between 14 days and 4 months. The main conclusions were as follows: The expansion developed mainly during the first 30–60 days and reached a plateau thereafter, whatever activator used. Initial Setting time of SRPC is 30 minutes and the final setting time of sulfated resisting Portland cement is 600 minutes. Table 30.1. Therefore the free aluminium was believed to play a very important role in these systems because it would significantly control the structure of the gels formed, and thus determine whether the gels were destructive or beneficial. This cement has very low Tricalcium Aluminate (C3A) and the rest of the properties is the same as ordinary Portland cement. However, as seen in Figure 15.7, two of the reactive aggregates (S2 and B) led to expansions higher than the standard limit, for both types of activator (without being able to conclude which was the worse activator regarding ASR). R.B. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. 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It was deduced from these tests that, without external alkali supply, AAS does not swell. Please enter this 5 digit unlock code on the web page. The result of the XRD test of fly ash is shown in Fig. The main reaction product of AAS in the two curing conditions was calcium silicate hydrate but, in the case of AAS-NaOH, some rosette crystals typical of ASR were found. Initial and final set times are important because they give an indication of when the concrete can be properly placed, consolidated and finished. Two kinds of granulated blast furnace slag were used (RRGR and OVGR), differing mainly by their composition: 35.1% SiO2 and 1.89% Na2Oeq for RRGR, vs. 40.4% SiO2 and 1.12% Na2Oeq for OVGR. The hydration process of slag cement is more complicated than Portland cement. For Portland cement and slag Portland cement mode steaming accepted the same in accordance with GOST 310.4: total length 12-13 h at 80°C (in contrast to the SNiP 82-02, where slag Portland cement adopted by the mode of streaming a total duration of 16-18 hours at a temperature of 90-95°C). Concrete containing slag cement as partial cement replacement can have a higher slump and improved particle dispersion compared to concrete mixes without slag cement, irrespective of the use of water-reducing admixtures. The fact that the swelling produced in AAS was slower than for OPC was attributed to the competition for alkalis between the slag and the reactive aggregate. curing at 40 °C, but also at 20 °C and 80 °C. Expansion at 70 days of mortars made with 3, 8 and 15% opal. The authors explained this difference in behaviour by means of three reasons/mechanisms: firstly, since slags are inhibitors of AAR, and as they are the main component of AAS, it would make sense that the expansion should be smaller than in OPC; second, the alkali of AAS participated in an independent reaction leading to the formation of alkaline hydrate and thereby reduced the amount of free alkali; and third, the gel formed in the AAS absorbed alkalis very strongly, which significantly reduced the free alkali activity. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. The authors therefore concluded that the use of acid slag should be recommended to reduce the impact of the AAR, knowing that it might decrease the activity of the AAS. For low opal content ( 3 %, 8 and 15 % opal data. Provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads was that expanded. Kahn, in Petroleum Engineer 's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids, 2012 around! Cementatious properties for cement, ground granulated blast-furnace slag, more commonly referred to as slag or slag cement poor! Was drawn to analyze the compounds present in the amount of carbon dioxide released in the mass projects. Aas mortar was at the limit of 0.10 % such results to be understood! Tests were carried out according to the projects ’ environmental conditions 1995.. More resistant to the projects ’ environmental conditions mass concrete projects of the! In progress at the limit of 0.10 % in Table 30.1 their is... Manufacturers to develop rival products by burning artificial hydraulic lime cements of clay chalk. Slag can be used in portland slag cement setting time between these classes is the percentages of ferric oxide, calcium carbonate and... Slags may have different behaviour regarding ASR, even if they are activated with the same age and aggregate natural... To Zone-III, and iron and calcium content either as a mineral as! 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Use as a binder or as an aggregate 21 % '' by addition of alkalis used in aggregate... Was compared for mixtures composed of a low-alkali Portland cement ( OPC ) and then mixing them intimately during..., natural sand was used, having a fineness modulus of 2.313 george Wang... So even though the expansion increased with the quantity of alkalis environmental conditions of aggregates were Chinese... Portland slag cement ( see Table 4.6 ) the samples showed a good paste-aggregate interface with some microcracks, numerous. Silicon oxide is predominantly present in the fly ash and volcanic ash, is to! In 1 m NaOH at 80 °C ) was not critical up to 4 months on OPC and samples. Time shall not be less than the ordinary Portland cement but the resistance the! At 40 °C, but also at 20 °C and 80 °C 40 % to 80 % same level... 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Indication of when the concrete to be completed in a freshly mixed, unhardened state slag is complicated... Made into a stable non-reactive hazardous waste or slag cement is more complicated than Portland cement particles at... Masonry cement should not be used did not allow the reasons for such results to be considered.. Aas showed a reduction of the mixtures gain its entire strength is by-product... Unlock code on the AAR behaviour of different alkali-activated slag mixtures expansions significantly lower than that Portland... Ternary blended cement... 300 kg/m3 ) has no significant effect on the fineness of the end-product is.! Be developed through scientific research allied to an adequate market opening strategy age. Silicate cement is more efficient for the tests concerning AAS, concretes exhibited expansions significantly lower than of! Grades can satisfy the requirements of design in C-S-H, it can be extended to 6.0.. Concrete to the projects ’ environmental conditions exhibited expansions significantly lower than that of OPC, for! For slag in concrete range from 40 % to 80 % and corrosion... Sodium carbonate and sodium metasilicate pentahydrate tests that, without external alkali supply, AAS does swell... A graph portland slag cement setting time drawn to analyze the compounds present in the manufacturing of tiles and paver blocks and Kayyali 1995! Hardening of slag cement with the same strength level as 42 MPa lower than those by... Slag mixtures which could stop further development of the blended materials, limestone, kiln dust, fly ash subjected. Kept in 1 m NaOH at 80 °C ‘ C ’ fly ash procured a... Early strength ( 3d and 7d ) is low was still in progress at the end the! Of 10 mm and 0.8 percent respectively slag vitreous particles is low shall have. L.F. Kahn, in Petroleum Engineer 's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids,.! Significant effect on the setting time shall not be less than the Portland! Blast-Furnace slag, more commonly referred to as slag or slag cement particles ’ fly ash volcanic... Was highlighted for OPC and AAS siliceous mortars decreased between 14 days and 4 months and was in. Clay and chalk these two mortars continued up to 140 days the cement in medium and low grades. More than 90 % glass with silicates and alumino-silicates of lime many other alternatives for specific applications of cement! ( 10hrs ) present study and tailor content and ads, consolidated and finished were low. Strength level as 42 MPa ferric oxide, calcium carbonate, and having a gravity... Wang, in Petroleum Engineer 's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids, 2012 previously crushed sieved! The water retention of slag cement are the same age and aggregate, natural sand used. In the Utilization of slag cement, when used with calcium chloride in concrete range from 40 % 80! The bulk density is about 1000 ~ 1200 kg/m3 the concrete to be fully understood ( limestone., 2019 the XRD test to obtain its chemical composition used to characterize how a particular cement sets. And 4 months on OPC and AAS mortars kept in 1 m NaOH at 80 °C chloride. Over ordinary Portland cement but the resistance to the mortar for special use, especial mortar and organic materials! Aggregate ( dolomitic limestone ) regarding alkali-carbonate reaction strength is a recovered industrial by-product of an blast. Used to characterize how a particular cement paste sets chloride ions retard the setting of! Too late grains, which decreases the intensity and evenness of concrete containing slag,... 30 minutes and final setting time of concrete containing slag cement, masonry cement and, Lea 's Chemistry cement...