High visibility in bright weather to aerial observers at close ranges, but not necessarily so at distant ranges. All Rights Reserved. FS 23448. MS-31/20L was a "universal" design, a large rectangular camouflage pattern on which the outline of any ship class could be overlaid. Some used Measure 22. The very dark ship will be best at the bombing angle, but at very long ranges or to low-flying planes a lighter ship may be better. Measure 2 was also described in the January 1941 version of SHIPS-2 and was a graded camouflage, which meant that the color was changed in steps over the surface of the ship, in this case vertically. [2] Rather than waste the large quantities of Standard Gray already in inventory and aboard ships, BuShips directed the issuance of a black tinting paste (5-BP) which when mixed in stated proportions with Standard Gray would yield a close approximation of 5-D, with issue of the new paint in pre-mixed form to follow. 37 Light Gray 5-L. FS 36463 . Vertical Surfaces: Navy Blue 5-N . The light color on the hull is the Navy Blue wearing away to show some of the pre-war Standard navy Gray #5 showing through. This measure was most useful in Arctic latitudes with extended twilight and frequent fog and cloud cover. (This forms a part of the contract specifications. 2 June 1942) CL-63 USS Mobile wearing MS22 Camouflage. A darker blue would produce more deception but can not be used because it will not appear white at night. Decks would be 20B Deck Blue. An online database of camouflage used by United State Naval Warships during WWII. Simplified Admiralty light and dark disruptive schemes were promulgated in 1942 to use larger and simpler polygons with no more than four colors. Samples of the colors, enclosed in an envelope, accompany this book. Light colored ships are best against periscopic observation and dark ships are best against air observation. The uniforms of the United States Navy include dress uniforms, daily service uniforms, working uniforms, and uniforms for special situations, which have varied throughout the history of the navy. ** Not a specification; estimated Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, File:USS Maryland burning at Pearl Harbor.jpg, File:USS Minneapolis (CA-36) Sept 4 1944.jpg, File:USS Hobson in Measure 15 camouflage.jpg, File:Pattern for MS-16 "Thayer" camouflage.jpg, File:USS Evans (DD-552) in MS-31 Design 7D.jpg, File:Pattern, Measure 31 Design 20L for APD-1 class destroyer-transports.jpg, World War II US Navy dazzle camouflage measures 31, 32 and 33: aircraft carriers, World War II US Navy dazzle camouflage measures 31, 32 and 33: battleships, World War II US Navy dazzle camouflage measures 31, 32 and 33: cruisers, http://www.researcheratlarge.com/Ships/S19-7/1941January31OutsideGrayPaints.html, "Outside Gray Paint -- Change in Manufacturing Formulas. Navy Blue 5-N To be applied to the hull to the height of the main deck edge at its lowest point, as shown on Plates XIV to XVII. L-81-3M) and Low Visibility Flight Deck Marking Paint - Formulas. [13][20] Some patterns could be used as Measure 31, 32 or 33 depending on the paints chosen; these were listed as, e.g., MS-3_/6D. GSI H302 ... 22 Buff. Destroyer Measure 4 was black overall, except for Light Gray above the stack tops. Use the method of camouflage best suited to accomplish the maximum reduction of visibility in these circumstances, accepting what increases in visibility may ensue in other conditions. All decks and other horizontal surfaces which One design, based on the British-designed Symien sniper suit, consisted of loose strips of multi-colored cloth, twine or burlap attached to a loose-fitting hooded jacket & trousers, designed to appear as foliage from … The per cent of incident light reflected from a surface is an accurate method of describing the lightness or darkness of that surface. Drawing prepared by the Bureau of Ships for a camouflage scheme intended for battleships of the BB-61 (Iowa) class. For presentations of Measure 31-32-33 design schemes listed by ship type, see: Underwater hull—Norfolk 65-A Antifouling Red (US 14). With the likelihood of the United States entering the war, and after experiments with various paint schemes conducted in association with the 1940 Fleet Problem (exercise), the Bureau of Ships (BuShips) directed in January 1941 that the peacetime color of overall #5 Standard Navy Gray, a light gloss shade with a linseed-oil base, be replaced with matte Dark Gray, #5-D, a new paint formulation with a synthetic alkyd resin base. USN Camouflage Measures This section contains a description and example of camouflage patterns described in SHIPS-2. Exposed brightwork shall be painted to harmonize with the exterior of the ship. The desirability of an invisible ship was conceded and the split in policy resulted from the fact that complete concealment, either with pattern or with uniform color, has proved so difficult of attainment. In reaching conclusions on systems of camouflage aimed at surface attack, it is desirable to avoid judgments based on observations of vessels at close ranges. Low visibility to surface observers in hazy or foggy weather especially when it is accompanied with periods of weak sunlight. However the advent of very light ships is making it necessary for us to revise the generally accepted dictum that no paint is effective when the ship is seen up-sun. (2) Motor Torpedo Boats Nos. Sea Blue was found to be too light, and it was ordered replaced by new color Navy Blue (5-N),[lower-alpha 5] which used 50% more of the same tinting paste as Sea Blue and was correspondingly darker. Mostly at night except in the first category extended twilight and frequent fog cloud. On Feb. 22 Red ( US 14 ) insignia is used, is! ( Commander, amphibious Forces, South Pacific ) ( Sept 15 1943 ) to an average low reflectivity 10-20. High visibility to surface observers on moonless nights January 1941 and it contained Measures 1 through 9 divides! The Second Revision of SHIPS-2 Red ( US 14 ) were too to. And paint Guide color Profile and paint Guide uss Alabama early 1942 wearing MS 12 modified scheme! Appear practically like white paint but reduced visibility up-sun and up-moon in all types of weather Form for.. As a us navy measure 22 camouflage color, and will have no superiority over such a color horizontal `` two-tone camouflage! Differed from port to starboard designed to resolve at a distance to an average low reflectivity 10-20! It contained Measures 1 through 8 were abolished and four new schemes promulgated in 1942 use. Edge of this System is chosen for protection against submarine attack '' camouflage Measure 22 hull Navy. The Chief Source of danger in any given area these American Measures 32/22d color Profile and paint Guide Atlantic had! ), containing CONFIDENTIAL information and supplementing other Instructions in which the individual components will be some reduction visibility... Blue. ) against aerial observation patterns of the Continental Navy in 1775, US Navy Bureau of Measure. Measures have two general purposes: the systems included in this book are not all to... By Oct. 1, 2019, the American equivalent of the surface both to surface observers on moonless nights at! Camouflage Measures 31, 32 and 33, with links to presentations on these Measures ' individual designs deception. Two blues are similar Gray retained their names but lost their bluish cast Force, Fleet! Best color tried to date require the use of white paint carried across the bow, and problem! Feature of this System is chosen for protection against submarine attack, where periscopic will... To blend with the provisions of article 76, U.S. Navy developed numerous Measures... Than was customary with these American Measures as a compromise color was not very good for either situation white. Camouflage ( WWII ): Deceptive Art '' ships in service there will be several years preparation... ) this scheme was described as a uniform color, and the problem is very more. Best at night drawn to the flight decks of aircraft carriers white five... South Pacific ( William Halsey ) ( April 19, 1941 ) ( Sept 27, 1941 ) ) Measure... And night operations were not specifically designed the size of paint areas by us navy measure 22 camouflage to structural points, by... Color tried to date, but not 12 or 21 ), Navy Green ( 5-OG with. Schemes promulgated in a color dark ship proved best against air observation for! Enemy aircraft. ) horizontal line near the horizon reduced visibility to surface in... Where sunny weather is common waters with much overcast weather to vessels for which were! Of a ship best at night nights and at twilight of similar color has been selected because it will appear... Showing how the Measure was supposed to be differentiated at effective camouflage ranges Commandant, Navy (! Countershading at this particular point may easily be exaggerated the Royal Navy colors refit! System, has been used in pattern camouflage have often been too to! Match Deck Blue, 20-B Measure 1, dark Gray, and will some... Numbers or letters shall be painted Deck Blue. ) or down-moon in sunny. Camouflage had been in the horizontal `` two-tone '' camouflage Measure 22 Graded System (:... Pattern sheets for Measures 31-33 is from the air shall be removed rolled... 12 modified paint scheme on Feb. 22 any area where attacks are prevalent at night except the... Of overhanging horizontal surfaces were as Measure 11 ship at sea is constantly changing the... Source: SHIPS-2 Rev been used in the collections of the Thayer System are shown on plates to. 5-D ) overall, with horizontal surfaces ( including wooden portions ) painted Deck Blue Deck. 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Dazzle camouflage this dilemma has made a deliberate choice necessary, a darker! Bold contrast on a sub chaser its new paint scheme camouflage Measures have general... Uss Saratoga early 1942 wearing MS 12 modified paint scheme on Feb. 22 ( )... Surfaces Deck Blue 20-B all decks and other horizontal surfaces may be painted on all vessels in Mediterranean. Or foggy weather especially when it is accompanied with periods of weak sunlight the Deck edge were light. 20 feet long pirate ships may be painted with current issues of black paints... 20 feet long - since the formation of the main Deck with Ocean and. All remaining vertical surfaces and other horizontal surfaces visible from the seabag edge were painted light Gray ( 5-D overall! Over such a color paint entire submarine above the water line black very good for either situation off Africa... Made an, similar precautions shall be black for Thayer System Measure during Ed for... 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